A Guide to the 4 Phases of Emergency Preparedness

Welcome to our guide on the 4 phases of emergency preparedness.

A written plan helps during a natural disaster or other disruption.

Berkey for Emergency Preparedness – Hurricane Season

The four phases are mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.

Also see sanitation during emergencies.

Phase 1: Mitigation

Reduce risk before something happens: building rules, zoning, warning systems, and community work.

Phase 2: Preparedness

Write a plan, pack a kit, and learn evacuation routes.

Include food, stored municipally treated tap water, medication, and first aid. A gravity filter can filter stored tap water if the power is out. See our hurricane water guide.

Phase 3: Response

Follow official alerts. Evacuate or shelter as instructed. Stay with verified news and emergency managers.

Phase 4: Recovery

Clear debris, repair what you can, and use local aid. Recovery takes time.

Why Preparedness Matters for Households

A plan reduces confusion. It does not replace official guidance.

Why It Matters for Businesses

A written plan helps employees and operations. See National Preparedness Month.

Resources

FEMA, the Red Cross, and your local emergency-management office publish checklists and training.

Emergency Preparedness Checklist

1. Write an emergency plan.
2. Pack an emergency kit.
3. Know evacuation routes.
4. Watch official alerts.
5. Keep documents and contacts safe.
6. Practice the plan.
7. Refresh first aid and CPR skills.
8. Have a way to communicate if cell service is down.
9. Plan for the hazards in your area.
10. Review the plan and supplies each year.

Conclusion

Mitigate, prepare, respond, recover. Keep the plan simple enough that the whole household can follow it.